In a culture where even the atheists claim to have a
"spirituality," it's time for the church to soul out.
Until March of 1997, the approaching Third Millennium
sneaked up on us like some great, fun adventure. For intrepid entrepreneurs,
the year 2000 promises huge sales in commemorative junk. Party planners have
been plotting big New Year's Eve blowouts for years. Except for those nerdy
computer types who are wringing their hands and predicting crash and burn for
all computer systems that use just two digits to designate a year, there has
been a generally jovial, party atmosphere about the whole event.
But the deadly, misguided, apocalyptic-steeped visions of
the "Heaven's Gate" cult have suddenly brought us up short.
Thirty-nine sad, strange, purple-shrouded figures have forever tinged our
frivolity with fear. What will the approaching end of this millennium really
hold in store? How many other "Heaven's Gate" groups and "end
times" individuals are out there? Should we be looking at this approach of
"MM" or "2000" or "21C" as a hinge moment in
history? Or is it just a good excuse for a big party, a sigh-of-relief
celebration that we somehow managed to survive 20C?
What the tragedy of Heaven's Gate has brought into sharper
focus is the spiritual hunger that is consuming our culture in these latter
decades of this century.
The Search for Soul
Postmodern culture is entheogenic,
which means "the birth of the divine within." There is a massive Soul
Search, a huge quest for personal spirituality, a "widespread turning
inward across the land," as sociologist Wade Clark Roof puts it ("God
is in the Details: Reflections on Religion's Public Presence in the United
States in the Mid-1990s," Sociology of
Religion, 57, 1996, 149-162, 153). People want to grow spiritually above all
else.(See George Barna, The
Index of Leading Spiritual Indicators [Word, 1996]; Alan J. Toxburgh,
Reaching a New Generation: Strategies for Tomorrow's Church [Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993].) Experiences of "good
sex" are now taking a back seat to "good soul" experiences.
"Great Soul" is the Holy Grail of postmodern culture.
Postmodern culture is one of the most God-besotted cultures
in the history of the planet. But the waters of superstition rise as high in
postmodern culture as anyone could wish. We are less a culture of
"seekers" than a culture of "believers." People believe in
everything and anything mind reading, witches, ESP, crystals, spells, UFOs.
A spiritual tsunami is coming and is already being felt.
People no longer want to know about God. People want to know God. People want
to experience "the Beyond" in "the Within."
It was this kind of spiritual quest that led the Heaven's Gate cult to combine
the technology of the Internet, the science of Hale-Bopp,
the science fiction of Star Trek, the theology of New Age and the hope of UFOs
to create a new sacred reality for themselves.
The strange amalgam the Heaven's Gate cult pieced together
points out to this entheogenic culture that the
spiritual quest can be dangerous. As one marketing expert writes, "If the
'80s were the decade when nothing was sacred, then this is the one when
everything is" (Cyndee Miller, "People Want
to Believe in Something," Marketing News, 28, December 5, 1994, 1). And
when we allow the label "sacred" to be affixed to everything from
crystals to UFOs, we are treading on hazardous ground.
Al Winseman, an Omaha
pastor, tells his congregation that "we are living in a secular society
but a spiritual culture." We are one of the most religious nations in the
industrial world, yet at the same time one of the most secular (Thomas Reeves,
"Not So Christian America," First Things, October 1996, 16-21). This
double ring can be confusing, as it was in The New Republic (September 12,
1994), where on the same day, and on the same page, one story read
"Spiritual Renewal Flourishes" while another story was headlined,
"Religion's Influence May Be Fading."
Jessica Lipnack and Jeffrey Stamps
predict that "the search for soul will accelerate and move from the
individual and family to organizations of all sorts and sizes" (The Age of
the Network: Organizing Principles for the 21st Century [Essex Junction, Vt.: Omneo, 1995], 232). C. Jeff Woods adds a voice that should
make Christians who call the church their home sit up and take notice:
"Society is not disinterested in God; society is disinterested in the
institutionalized church .... Society has not detached itself from
spirituality; it is just rebelling against the ways that the church has sought
to guide spiritual experiences" (C. Jeff Woods, Congregational Megatrends [Maryland: Alban Institute, 1995], 88).
Hollywood Spirituality
Indeed, "society has not detached itself from
spirituality," as Woods points out. One of the hottest television shows
for the last couple of years has been The X-Files, which proclaims in its
opening trailers, "The truth is out there." The culture says that the
"truth is out there," and that is why God is "hot" with Hollywood.
In looking at last year's PBS fall lineup, which includes five religious
specials, The New York Times declared, "God is Hot." All The New York
Times needed to do to learn this was look at their own best-seller list: Seven
in 10 were about spirituality and personal growth.
A USA Today feature article on "Hollywood
immersed in a Spiritual Rebirth" announced that "as movie makers are
being bashed more than ever for glorifying wrongdoing at its lowest levels, new
films are reaching more blatantly than ever into religious imagery to harvest
heavenly heroes" (Ann Oldenburg, "Hollywood Immersed in a Spiritual
Rebirth," USA Today, November 1, 1996, 1-D).
For example, take our fascination, even fixation, with
haloed heroes, as Oldenburg
suggests. The ever-growing angel attraction of the last decade (Denzel Washington is an angel, Whitney Houston a preacher's
wife in the Disney movie The Preacher's Wife; Greg Kinnear
is a post office angel in Dear God; John Travolta is
an angel who drinks beer in Michael) has at last come to a head in prime time.
CBS's Touched by an Angel has become one of the most popular prime-time shows
and the first explicitly religious drama to break into the Nielsen Top 10 in
the ratings service's 46-year history.
The first big movie of DreamWorks SKG, the powerhouse studio
run by Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg and David
Geffen, is a biblical, animated telling of the story of Moses called The Prince
of Egypt.
And since our cultural and spiritual pivot is increasingly
in the East, there is Kundun, a Martin Scorsese film about the Dalai Lama's life. Not to forget
Brad Pitt's film, Seven Years in Tibet,
the story of the spiritual changes that come after climbing the Himalayas
and meeting the Dalai Lama.
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is "hot" with antiquers.
Gothic revival furniture is now all the rage, partly because the
"Gothic" style connects us with a more spiritual past.
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is "hot" with publishers. In 1995 and 1996 alone,
says editor-at-large for Publishers' Weekly Phyllis Tickle, spirituality has
been "the fastest growing segment in adult publishing the last two
years" (quoted in "Spiritual Reality," Forbes, January 27, 1997,
70). Sales of religious publishers topped $1 billion in 1996, with over 150
million book units sold. No wonder Wal-Mart, Target, Borders, Barnes &
Noble are expanding their religious inventories. Syndicated evangelical columnist
Cal Thomas appears now in 450 newspapers, second only to George Will.
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is "hot" with musicians, with Jars of Clay and
Kirk Franklin named Top Billboard 200 Album Artists in 1996. Christian music
sales alone topped $550 million in 1996.
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is hot even with the atheists, who confess to be on a
spiritual search. Here is Peter Lamborn Wilson, in an
article on Timothy Leary's successor in the technology and culture magazine
21C: "While I am not atheist in the strict sense of the word, I don't
think you have to believe in God to understand that there can be an experience
of the Divine Becoming Within" ( Peter Lamborn Wilson, "Neurospace,"
21C, March 1996, 28). (See also some of the selections in Sarah Anderson's
editing of The Virago Book of Spirituality [Virago, 1996], especially where
Simone Weil says that "not to believe in God, but to love the universe,
always, even in the throes of anguish, as a home there lies the road toward
faith by way of atheism.") Another atheist/agnostic claims that he lives
spiritually, defining spirituality as "like heaven naked, but with an
attitude" (As quoted in Phyllis A. Tickle, Re-Discovering the Sacred:
Spirituality in America [New York: Crossroad, 1995], 100).
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is "hot" on the Internet, which now boasts 9,000
Web sites devoted to psychic and spiritual phenomena, including such exotica as
"The First Presleyterian Church of Elvis the
Divine," a church founded for those who worship Elvis
(http://chelsea.ios.com/~hkarlin1/welcome.html). As of 1997, there were 71,200
Christian Internet sites, 28,600 of which were Catholic, 11,800 Methodist and
11,000 Baptist. There were 27,100 Islam sites; and Christianity Online was
named in 1996 one of the most popular sites on America Online.
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out
there; the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point
to it).
The culture says that "the truth is out there,"
and that is why God is hot on Madison Avenue. Spirituality sells almost as much
now as sex. Tierry Mugler
calls his popular scent "Angel"; Karl Lagerfeld names his "Sun,
Moon, Stars." The Gap introduces a unisex fragrance OM,
which was presented to Gap executives on the Buddha's birthday. "I wanted
to do a fragrance about simplicity, sensuality and spirituality." Or look
at Kentucky Fried Chicken ads, where a girl is on her bed in a yoga position
doing her mantra. Aveda is doing a line of products
for Deepak Chopra's wellness centers. The 1997 Infiniti Q45 ad has as its motto
"Everything changes but the soul," and the challenge is to "Take
one out for a guest drive and see why the soul is eternal."
It's time for the church to say, "The truth is not out there;
the truth is in here, right here, right now (lift up the Bible and point to
it).
Counterfeit Spiritualities
This unexamined, headlong spiritual search, unencumbered
and thus unguided by any institutional boundaries, is bound to result in some
spectacular hoaxes. The world is awash in a host of counterfeit spiritualities.
A culture on a soul train is bound to get derailed.
The apostle Paul also found himself living in frenetically
"spiritual" times. Recall that he began his sermon on Mars Hill with
these words: "Men of Athens! I see that in every way you are very
religious...." But the Athenians were caught up in idol worship. They were
fervent. They were committed. But they were wrong. They were investing their
lives in a spiritual being that was nothing more than a metal statue. Their
hopes and prayers were addressed to false gods and faulty visions.
In today's gospel, Jesus cautions his disciples against
falling prey to the parade of pretenders that will pass before them. As Jesus'
specially chosen disciples, Peter, James, John and Andrew found themselves
privy to some pretty astounding eschatological predictions But
even as Jesus speaks to them about the "end times," he warns these
disciples to keep their wits about them. "Don't go off after everyone who
claims to be the Messiah," Jesus admonishes. "Just because I have
chosen to let you know these things are coming, don't stamp every crazy leader,
every tragic war or every natural disaster with the label 'eschatological
event.'"
The Soul Train
Jesus' words call us back from the edge of a spiritual
waterfall to a respect for moderation and discipline. While the rest of the
postmodern culture is a bit too anxious to jump on any "soul train"
that is going down the tracks, Jesus' warning reminds us that before we jump on
any soul train, we had better have some decent soul training under our belts.
This means training mind and body and spirit to recognize the false gods of
both junky, excessive material accumulation and junky, excessive spiritual
accumulation.
What Jesus does urge on his disciples is vigilance. This
means keeping a watchful, skeptical, critical eye on all the events and leaders
and stories that will be trying to gain their attention and allegiance by
presenting themselves in an eschatological light. "Do not be
deceived," Jesus cautions. "Reject those who would lead you
astray." Hard times are not necessarily end times.
Has our soul training been rigorous enough to enable us to
tell the difference? Can we distinguish between what is truth and what is
false? Let us ask God to help us train with vigilance and watchfulness in a
postmodern world where God is "hot," but truth is not.