... Eastern ideology by its declaration that Yahweh has made every human a king (cf. the terminology used in 21:5, a royal psalm). The “everything” that God has put under his feet is spelled out in verses 7–8, which list creatures of the field, of the air, and of the sea. Thus, Psalm 8 echoes the horizons of Genesis 1, where humanity is given rule over the creatures. Later in Hebrews 2:6–8, verses 4–6 are quoted. But here in view of God’s new act in Christ the horizons of “everything” expand ...
... them with color and beauty. The argument is from the lesser to the greater: if God does all this for birds and flowers, won’t he also take care of you? Several specific items need to be mentioned. For Matthew’s more general term birds of the air (peteinon, v. 26) Luke has “ravens” (korakas, Luke 12:24). “Raven” in Aramaic is masculine, and “lily” is feminine. Laboring in the field was a man’s work and spinning at home a woman’s. In verse 27 Jesus asks whether by worrying about it anyone ...
... . Jesus’ answer (v. 20) sounds very much like a general proverb adapted to this circumstance. Some have suggested that the foxes represent Herod and those who sided with him (Luke 13:32 calls him “that fox”) and the birds of the air Gentiles, but the conjecture is unlikely. Jesus is simply pointing out that those who follow him will feel homeless. Schweizer notes that to follow Jesus is “to step forth into insecurity” (p. 219). Miracles create enthusiasts who need to learn the difficulties ...
... have the insight of faith, are the truths of God’s sovereign reign made clear. To outsiders they come as riddles and meaningless sayings. Additional Notes 13:32 The prophet Ezekiel spoke of Assyria as a tall cedar in Lebanon in whose boughs the birds of the air nested (Ezek. 31:1–9, cf. Daniel’s reference to Belteshazzar as a tree whose top touched the sky, Dan. 4:20–22). 13:33 Yeast: In the making of bread a piece of fermented dough (Gk. zymē, “yeast/leaven”) from a previous batch was kneaded ...
... (v. 46). The Son of Man is pictured as a King seated on his throne in heavenly glory and surrounded by an angelic court. Before him are gathered all the nations of the world. As a shepherd, who in the evening separates the sheep (who like the open air) from the goats (who need the warmth of shelter), the king will put the sheep on his right and the goats on is left (cf. Ezek. 34:17, 20, 22). The masculine autous (“them”) in 32b following the neuter ethnē (nations) in 32a indicates that the separation ...
... to the fore in exilic and postexilic literature. This became even more pronounced with the emergence of apocalyptic literature. An interesting passage in 2 Maccabees describes an apparition of heavenly warfare: “there appeared over all the city golden-clad cavalry charging through the air” with “attacks and counterattacks made on this side and on that” (2 Macc. 5:2–4). The Dead Sea Scrolls recount a cosmic battle between the sons of light and the sons of darkness (The War Scroll [1 QM]). In the NT ...
... the world, but that is irrelevant. Jesus’ words here are not botanical conclusions but the reflection of popular speech. The term garden plants means mainly cultivated plants, such as vegetables, and the Greek word does not include a reference to trees. The birds of the air can perch: The words are drawn from OT passages (see Ezek. 17:23; 31:6; Dan. 4:12). There, great nations are described as large trees, and the nesting of birds in the branches is a symbol of the formation of imperial control over many ...
... Notes 12:24 Consider the ravens: Compare Ps. 147:9: “He gives to the beasts their food, and to the young ravens which cry” (RSV); Job 35:11: “… who teaches us more than the beasts of the earth, and makes us wiser than the birds of the air?” (RSV). 12:25 add a single hour to his life: Lit. “to add a cubit to his lifespan [or stature].” The reference is undoubtedly to lifespan, as is indicated by the context, particularly by the Rich Fool’s death shortly after building his new barns. A cubit ...
... cf. 15:2), Babylon the Great is doomed to destruction. 16:17–21 Prologues introduce stories; they provide readers with clues that guide them to intended meanings found within the story world. Thus, when the seventh angel pours out his bowl into the air, the resulting apocalyptic storm provides a perspective on the collapse of Babylon, the story of which is told in 17:1–19:10. Everything John writes down describes finality, beginning with the loud voice that announces “It is done!” Of various natural ...
... him. But he is aware that the others are so wary that if David does not remove himself quickly he and his men might be harmed. David reveals himself as a consummate actor, with no compunction about deceiving the one who had protected and supported him. His air of injured innocence masks the delight he must have felt at being so easily able to extricate himself from what might have been a disastrous situation. His protest that he is not to be allowed to fight against the enemies of my lord the king could be ...
... a vision). One of the angels addresses a question to the man clothed in linen (12:6), the same man who was depicted this way earlier (10:5). This man is above the waters of the stream (12:6). This may mean that he is up in the air above the river (Driver, Daniel, p. 203) or that he is further upstream (Goldingay, Daniel, p. 281; Collins, Daniel, p. 369). The question posed is: How long will it be before these astonishing things are fulfilled? (12:6). “Astonishing things” is one word in Hebrew, a plural ...
... crush Satan under your feet” (Rom. 16:20), Satan is still “the god of this age,” who blinds the minds of unbelievers from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ (2 Cor. 4:4), and he is “the ruler of the kingdom of the air, the spirit who is now at work in those who are disobedient” (Eph. 2:2). There can be no fellowship between the realm of Belial and unbelievers, on the one hand, and the realm of Christ and believers, on the other; for they are as mutually exclusive as darkness ...
... crush Satan under your feet” (Rom. 16:20), Satan is still “the god of this age,” who blinds the minds of unbelievers from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ (2 Cor. 4:4), and he is “the ruler of the kingdom of the air, the spirit who is now at work in those who are disobedient” (Eph. 2:2). There can be no fellowship between the realm of Belial and unbelievers, on the one hand, and the realm of Christ and believers, on the other; for they are as mutually exclusive as darkness ...
... resurrection of the dead and consummation of the new creation (cf. Eph. 1:21; 2:7; Rom. 8:18–25; 1 Cor. 15:20–28). The present evil age is governed by “the rulers of this age” (1 Cor. 2:6, 8) and “the prince of the kingdom of the air, the spirit who is now at work in the sons of disobedience” (Eph. 2:2). Hence, the ruler of this age (apparently Satan) could also be called “the god of this age.” In that case, it is Satan who causes people to harden their hearts to the truth. We may ...
James 5:1-6, James 4:13-17, James 5:7-12, James 5:13-20
Understanding Series
Peter H. Davids
... has been brought back again. God does not desire the sinner’s death, but his or her repentance. God’s grace is still available no matter how much he has been wronged (4:6). The sinner, then, is delivered from death. The jaws of hell snap shut on air as the believer once again walks the way of life. The rescue has resulted in the forgiveness of a multitude of sins, which are covered over, forgotten. The person is not branded in the church as someone who once went astray but is part of a company in ...
James 5:7-12, James 4:13-17, James 5:1-6, James 5:13-20
Understanding Series
Peter H. Davids
... has been brought back again. God does not desire the sinner’s death, but his or her repentance. God’s grace is still available no matter how much he has been wronged (4:6). The sinner, then, is delivered from death. The jaws of hell snap shut on air as the believer once again walks the way of life. The rescue has resulted in the forgiveness of a multitude of sins, which are covered over, forgotten. The person is not branded in the church as someone who once went astray but is part of a company in ...
James 5:13-20, James 4:13-17, James 5:1-6, James 5:7-12
Understanding Series
Peter H. Davids
... has been brought back again. God does not desire the sinner’s death, but his or her repentance. God’s grace is still available no matter how much he has been wronged (4:6). The sinner, then, is delivered from death. The jaws of hell snap shut on air as the believer once again walks the way of life. The rescue has resulted in the forgiveness of a multitude of sins, which are covered over, forgotten. The person is not branded in the church as someone who once went astray but is part of a company in ...
... chapter. First, there is an interesting combination of the very public nature of the declaration of the curses with the generally private nature of the actions described (cf. Alt, “Israelite Law,” pp. 114f.). The list speaks primarily of offenses that have an air of secrecy, either explicitly (vv. 15, 24) or in the obvious nature of the offense. By their nature, therefore, they are not likely to come into open court for trial and judgment. The purpose of the curses, therefore, is to remind Israel that ...
... 20 does not explicitly announce Judah’s exile. Like chapters 16 and 17, it gives us only hints. Treasure has been carried off before; hostages have been taken before (cf. 2 Kgs. 14:14). But the hints are accumulating. References to plunder (v. 17) have an air of finality about them when read in the light of 2 Kings 17:20, and references to royal eunuchs (v. 18) do not encourage confidence in the enduring nature of the Davidic line. Additional Notes 20:4 The middle court: The NIV follows the Qere (the ...
... reading of the Torah took place (Neh. 8:1). The weather could hardly have provided a more fitting backdrop for the grim occasion. It was December, in the season of the early rains, and up in Jerusalem it was cold and miserable at the open-air meeting. Ezra addressed his “shivering” (REB) congregation. He began with a digest of his prayer, concentrating on past and present guilt and defining the latter in terms of intermarriage. In verse 11 he turned to what should be done, although the reference to the ...
... . Esther is plotting to undo what Haman had put into effect when the king last “sat down to drink” (3:15). She will not reveal herself or her request to the king (and Haman) until she determines the right time to strike. Suspense fills the air at this halfway point in the story as Haman prepares to celebrate his presumably enhanced status and Esther prepares for a decisive confrontation with him before the king. The queen is clearly “fattening him for the kill,” at the risk of her own life. Before ...
... of integrity today? What about leaders in business or in education or any place of responsibility, including in the home? Oh, every once in a while we hear about someone who exhibits such character. When it happens, it is like the proverbial breath of fresh air. There was a beautiful story in the magazine In Touch a few years back. It was about Coach Cleveland Stroud of the Rockdale County, GA Blue Collar Bulldogs. Stroud was coach for 18 years before his basketball team made it to the state championship ...
... lot. The old man sat poised between the mother and the door. “Lord, just let me out of here before he speaks to me or Erik,” she prayed. As she drew closer to the man, Erick’s mother turned her back trying to sidestep the man and avoid any air he might be breathing. As she did, Erik leaned over her arm, reaching with both arms in a baby’s “pick-me-up” position. Before the mom could stop him, Erik had propelled himself from her arms to the old man’s. Suddenly the ragged man with sorry-old ...
... gate and the guard, Through the silent street, till their horses turned And neighed as they entered the great inn-yard; But the windows were closed, and the doors were barred, And only a light in the stable burned. And cradled there in the scented hay, In the air made sweet by the breath of kine, The little child in the manger lay, The child, that would be king one day Of a kingdom not human, but divine. His mother Mary of Nazareth Sat watching beside his place of rest, Watching the even flow of his breath ...
... can get caught up in Super Bowl fever. I heard about one Presbyterian Church where the time for the collection of the tithes and offerings was approaching. The minister, a true sports enthusiast, reached into his pocket, took out a quarter, flipped it into the air, glanced at it as it landed, then in typical referee fashion joyfully announced: “The ushers will receive!” I don’t know if the church received a larger offering after his attempt at sport levity or not. I guess it’s worth a try. Maybe ...