Synonyms: replica, copy, representation, mock-up, dummy, imitation, double, duplicate, lookalike, reproduction, prototype, stereotype, archetype, type, version, style, ideal, paragon, perfect example, specimen, perfect specimen, fashion model, supermodel, mannequin, sitter, poser, subject, artist's model, photographic model, design, mark, configuration, variety, kind, sort, original, original design, exclusive, toy, miniature, facsimile, prototypical, prototypal, archetypal, illustrative, perfect, exemplary, classic, flawless, faultless, consummate, impeccable
Antonyms: deficient, imperfect
Showing 176 to 200 of 2157 results
176. Ahaziah King of Judah
2 Chronicles 22:1-9
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... Third, in Kings he was buried in Jerusalem, while Chronicles suggests that he was buried at the place of his death. I agree with McKenzie’s assessment: “None of these differences is insurmountable, and it may be best to understand the Chronicles version as a theological elaboration of the story in Kings, with which the Chronicler assumed his audience was familiar” (1–2 Chronicles, p. 307). The Chronicler’s abbreviated account starts with a summary of Ahaziah’s reign (22:1–2). After this follow ...
177. Uzziah King of Judah
2 Chronicles 26:1-23
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... from the temple because of his pride. How the mighty have fallen! 26:22–23 The narrative ends with the usual summary notes taken from the source text in 2 Kings 15:6–7. Two small changes are noteworthy, however. First, whereas the Deuteronomist’s version refers to “the book of the annals of the kings of Judah” again, the Chronicler claims he tells events recorded by the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz. This is normally taken as reference to the eighth-century B.C. prophet Isaiah, who was a contemporary ...
178. Jotham King of Judah
2 Chronicles 27:1-9
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... :33. The positive evaluation of the king is also taken from the source text in 2 Kings 15:34. The phrase just as his father Uzziah had done, which occurs in both versions, refers to the positive evaluation of King Uzziah in the previous passage. However, the Chronicler qualifies this in the light of his own version of Uzziah’s reign by adding but unlike him he did not enter the temple of the LORD, which serves as negative judgment on Uzziah. Typically, the Chronicler leaves out the Deuteronomistic comment ...
Understanding Series
David J. Williams
... been Paul’s (esp. v. 11; cf. 13:38ff.; Gal. 2:15f.; Eph. 2:8), the latter because the argument seems to turn on the Greek version of Amos 9:11f. and it is assumed that James would have quoted in Hebrew and spoken in Aramaic. But there is no reason why ... the Twelve Prophets. The quotation is from Amos 9:11f. in what appears to be a rather free reproduction of the Greek version, including perhaps a phrase from Isaiah 45:21, “who foretold this long ago” (cf. 3:21). The passage speaks of two things: first ...
180. Favoritism Forbidden
James 2:1-13, James 2:14-26
Understanding Series
Peter H. Davids
... p. 27. 2:22 Gen. 15:6 (cf. James 2:23) speaks of faith, but that does not explain the particular emphasis James gives to it. Furthermore, although only the Jubilees version was cited, there are multiple versions of the Abraham legend. In the midrash Genesis Rabba 98:3, for example, the Shema is traced back to Abraham. Josephus has his version in Antiquities 1.154–157 (1.7.1 in Whiston’s division): “[Abraham] was the first that ventured to publish this notion that there was but one God, the Creator of ...
Understanding Series
Michael S. Moore
... focus on the problem of land. NIV, KJV, NKJV, ASV, NASV, RSV, NRSV, and NJPS, however, all defer this clause to the end of the sentence, replacing it with the secondary clause, Naomi, who has come back from Moab. The ancient versions follow MT’s order, yet contemporary English versions (with the notable exception of NEB) characteristically reshape this encounter to make it look like Boaz is more interested in Naomi (see 3:9). He may well be, but this is not the tack he takes with the elders. Instead, this ...
Understanding Series
Leslie C. Allen
... themselves king of kings. On the God of heaven, see the additional note on 6:9. 1 Esdras 8:9 and the Syriac version rendered Greetings, which suits the context. The meaning of the Aramaic gemir is uncertain. The best suggestion is that it is used in the ... vv. 6, 10, and 11 the editor had the completed Pentateuch in view, and there is little reason to suppose that the version Ezra used was substantially less. See the discussion of Williamson, Ezra, Nehemiah, pp. xxxvii–ix. 7:17 This verse seems to envision ...
Understanding Series
Leslie C. Allen
... The Judean community will not meet until v. 9. 10:6 While he was there seems to be a paraphrase of “where he spent the night” (NRSV). It represents a correction of the MT “and he went,” in agreement with 1 Esd. 9:2 and the Syriac version. Accidental assimilation to the previous verb occurred in the MT. 10:8 The word forfeit refers to the fact that the items would be dedicated to temple use. Movable property seems to be in view. Compare the paraphrase in 1 Esd. 9:4, “their livestock would be seized ...
Understanding Series
Leslie C. Allen
... elsewhere in Nehemiah’s prayers is less compelling than the fact that nowhere else in the OT is it used with a divine subject. The alternative is to construe the verb as an inf. absolute, here equivalent to a first-person sg. perf., as the ancient versions took it (see BHS). Then the sense is, “But my morale rose even higher” (NJB). It is difficult to make a clear-cut decision. It is interesting that the revisers of the NEB switched from the second interpretation (“So I applied myself to it with ...
Understanding Series
F. F. Bruce
... name, usually spelled Yahweh, had come to be regarded as too sacred to be normally pronounced aloud, and so, when the Scriptures were read in public, it was replaced by another word, most often by the word meaning “Lord.” (In NIV and most other English versions, “LORD” is spelled with four capital letters when it stands for the ineffable name Yahweh.) This, then, is the name that God has bestowed on Jesus—the rarest of all honors, in view of his affirmation in Isaiah 42:8, “I am the LORD, that ...
Understanding Series
John Goldingay
... 35 followed by four chapters of prose stories about Hezekiah, the last of the kings of Isaiah’s own lifetime. One reason for this surprise is that they also appear in 2 Kings. As with 2:2–4, we do not know which is the more original version. But Isaiah is prominent in the stories and they incorporate some of his prophecies, so it is reasonable enough that they should appear in the book called Isaiah. There are several other locations within the book that would seem more natural than this one. Yet their ...
187. Tyre, Sidon—and Israel
Ezekiel 26:1-21, Ezekiel 27:1-36, Ezekiel 28:1-19, Ezekiel 28:20-26
Understanding Series
Steven Tuell
... , rather than the inland Arabian city of Dedan. 27:16 Aram. Some Heb. manuscripts, and the Syr. Peshitta, read “Edom” instead. Again, the confusion of d and r is easy to understand (see Ezek. 16:57, where this same confusion of place names is evident in the versions). The LXX lacks the word, and so is of no help here. The NIV and NJPS have stayed with the majority witness of the Heb., while the NRSV goes with the Syr. The mention in v. 18 of Damascus, capital of Aram, arguably makes “Edom” the more ...
188. Challenge and Counterchallenge
Luke 20:9-19, Luke 20:1-8
Teach the Text
R.T. France
... to others. This clearly indicates the end of the present leadership of Israel. But who are the “others”? At a political level the thought could be of the coming Roman destruction of Jerusalem and the dissolution of its ruling Sanhedrin. But Matthew’s version of this parable speaks of the kingdom of God being taken away from “you” and given to “a people who will produce its fruit” (Matt. 21:43), which seems to envisage a new Israel (not just a new leadership). Luke is less explicit, but ...
189. Getting Ready for the Passover
Luke 22:7-38, Luke 22:1-6
Teach the Text
R.T. France
... of God, and by the forgiveness of sins (Jer. 31:31–34). 22:21  him who is going to betray me. On the verb “betray,” see on 22:4. Jesus knows Judas’s plans, and he wishes to prepare the other disciples for the shock, but in Luke’s version he does not specifically identify the traitor. 22:22  The Son of Man will go as it has been decreed. “Decree,” used only here by Luke in his Gospel (he uses the same verb in Acts 2:23), would be more familiar to non-Jewish readers than “prophesied in ...
Teach the Text
C. Marvin Pate
... successful, nurses Pip back to health during a serious illness, asking nothing in return, not even his friendship. Pip, then, learns the lessons of accountability. Several movies and television versions of the novel exist. Two television versions, the miniseries featuring Anthony Hopkins (1989) and the Masterpiece Theatre version (2011), contain clips of these scenes. God disciplines his people, whom he loves—in both the Old and the New Testaments. Literature: The Wise Woman, by George MacDonald. This ...
Understanding Series
Craig A. Evans
... resurrection to life!” (2 Macc. 7:14); “Keep on, and see how [God’s] mighty power will torture you and your descendants!” (2 Macc. 7:17); “Do not think that you will go unpunished for having tried to fight against God!” (2 Macc. 7:19; cf. the parallel versions in 4 Macc. 9:9, 32; 10:11, 21; 12:12, 14, 18; 5 Macc. 5:17, 23, 46–51). Nothing is more out of step with these embittered expressions than the prayers of forgiveness we find on the lips of two significant protagonists in the narrative of ...
Understanding Series
Craig A. Evans
... :44 in the Law of Moses: Where in the Pentateuch does one find anything about the Messiah? The only references to “anointed” (messiah) ones refer to anointed high priests (Lev. 4:3, 5, 16; 6:15). It was argued in the commentary on the Lucan version of the Transfiguration (9:28–36; see commentary and notes) that the evangelist has compared Jesus with Moses and with various aspects of the Pentateuch. Also it was suggested that by arranging his material in the Central Section (10:1–18:14) to follow the ...
Understanding Series
Gerald H. Wilson
... away so that the person would be able to enjoy and experience success in life. This latter understanding has some connection with the views of Eccl. (Eccl. 2:24; 3:13; 5:18; 8:15; 9:7). The same Gk. word for hired man (Gk. misthotos) appears in the LXX version of Job 14:6 and in Luke 15:19. Metaphors from Nature 14:7 The following verses contrast the tenuous nature of human life and the looming threat of death with the more hopeful future of a tree. At least there is hope for a tree. Job’s pessimism is ...
Understanding Series
William Nelson
... Sus. 62), these men die in the fire they prepare for the three Jews. However, this story in chapter 3 is also different from the others in that the Chaldeans who denounce the three Jews are not burned, at least not in the MT. The Greek version, preserved in the Apocrypha in the Prayer of Azariah, elaborates on the fate of those outside: “And the flames poured out above the furnace forty-nine cubits, and spread out and burned those Chaldeans who were caught near the furnace” (Pr. Azar. 24–25 NRSV [= 3 ...
Understanding Series
William Nelson
... like the rock that “broke” the other metals (2:44–45). Finally, it is used of the lions, which broke in pieces all of the bones of those cast into the den (6:24). 7:8 Ch. 7 may have undergone some development over time. If the earlier version put forth a ten-king scheme understanding Antiochus IV as the tenth and final king, that means that all of the references to the eleventh horn in the vision and the interpretation are secondary. The verses thought to be secondary are as follows: 7:7d–8, 11a, 20 ...
196. Faith and Deeds
James 2:14-26, James 2:1-13
Understanding Series
Peter H. Davids
... p. 27. 2:22 Gen. 15:6 (cf. James 2:23) speaks of faith, but that does not explain the particular emphasis James gives to it. Furthermore, although only the Jubilees version was cited, there are multiple versions of the Abraham legend. In the midrash Genesis Rabba 98:3, for example, the Shema is traced back to Abraham. Josephus has his version in Antiquities 1.154–157 (1.7.1 in Whiston’s division): “[Abraham] was the first that ventured to publish this notion that there was but one God, the Creator of ...
197. The Ten Commandments
Deuteronomy 5:1-33
Understanding Series
Christopher J. H. Wright
... had not “stood” in the presence of God, as Moses had done, and yet they dared to speak in God’s name (Jer. 23:18, 21f.). Additional Notes 5:4–5 On the relationship between these verses and the Exodus Sinai narrative with its version of the Decalogue, cf. Nicholson, “The Decalogue.” The literature on the Decalogue is enormous. Selected works are cited in the for further reading section at the back of the book, and a more complete bibliography is available in Christensen, Deuteronomy, pp. 101–3 ...
198. Solomon's Splendor
2 Chronicles 9:13-28
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... of Solomon. Although this account follows the Deuteronomistic source text closely, an interesting deviation occurs in 9:8. Whereas 1 Kings 10:9 reads, “Praise be to the LORD your God, who has delighted in you and placed you on the throne of Israel,” the Chronicler’s version differs in the last part: and placed you on his throne as king to rule for the LORD your God. The change from “the throne of Israel” to Yahweh’s throne is in line with the way in which Solomon’s kingship is presented in the ...
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... final summary of Hezekiah’s reign is taken from the source text in 2 Kings 20:20–21, but some of the Chronicler’s customary changes are made. He omits the reference to the water channel, the engineering achievement on which the Deuteronomist’s version focuses. The Chronicler also refers the reader to the usual sources and completes the expression the book of the kings of Judah and Israel (instead of “Judah” in the source text), but also adds what should be consulted in this source, namely, the ...
200. The Book of Law Found
2 Chronicles 34:14-33
Understanding Series
Louis C. Jonker
... has it after the covenant ceremony. The words Josiah removed all the detestable idols from all the territory belonging to the Israelites, and he had all who were present in Israel serve the LORD their God (34:33a) are probably a remainder from the older version. The subsection ends with words added by the Chronicler: as long as he lived, they did not fail to follow the LORD, the God of their fathers (34:33b). Additional Notes 34:30 Mark Leuchter (“‘The Prophets’ and ‘The Levites,’” pp. 31–47 ...
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