Big Idea: God helped Israel overcome obstacles and enemies to reach the brink of the promised land.

Understanding the Text

Rapid progress and victories follow the healing of sinful attitudes seen in preceding sections. Moses, Aaron, and the people had sinned, and Miriam and Aaron have died (Num. 20:1–13, 22–29; 21:1–9). Yet unlike the old generation, this one shows a willingness to quickly repent (Num. 21:7). Edom denies Israel easy and direct passage toward the promised land (Num. 20:14–21), but the journey toward that land proceeds around Edom. After winning a victory at Hormah (Num. 21:1–3) and traversing Edom (Num. 21:4), Israel passes through Moab (Num. 21:10–20) and engages in battle against Sihon and Og, Transjordanian kings whom they defeat (Num. 21:21–35). These victories set th…