1:1–6 · The principle underlying divine judgment: The prophecy of Nahum is described as an oracle or “burden” (1:1 ASV, KJV). This word is regularly used of statements of a threatening nature. The fact that this prophecy is also designated as a vision points out that it is an official message from God, not spite on Nahum’s part.

Though God has seemingly been overlooking Assyria’s sins against him and Israel, this is not due to either weakness or lack of zeal on God’s part (1:2–3a). The Hebrew word for “jealous” also means “zealous.” God does not treat sin lightly; zeal is an essential part of his character. Not only is he holy, but he zealously carries out the requirements of this holiness. His zeal will neither allow his people to sin with impunity nor allow Gentiles to sin against his …