34:29–35 The Israelites received the final part of their forgiveness in the unexpected gift of Moses’ radiant face. It brought the glory of God back into Israel’s midst in a human countenance. It was a visible sign of the Lord’s forgiveness, presence, and restored communication with Israel through Moses. The accompanying sign of restoration God gave upon Moses’ return from Mount Sinai was the two tablets of the Testimony in his hands (see comment on 31:18). In contrast to his previous descent after forty days, this time Moses did not encounter idolatry, burn with anger, or break the tablets (32:15, 19). Instead, the people were in awe, his face was radiant, and he gave them the commands (vv. 30–32).

At first the people were afraid to come near him. The last time they had seen Moses, he ha…