Big Idea: Even when the Lord appears to be defeated, he remains sovereign and invincible.

Understanding the Text

This chapter focuses on the ark, which was captured when the Philistines defeated Israel (4:22). Though one suspects Israel’s defeat was due to the Lord’s judgment upon Eli’s sons, the capture of the ark creates tension in the story and raises questions: How could the Lord allow the visible symbol of his presence to be taken away? Have the Philistines and their god actually defeated the Lord? What are the implications for Israel’s relationship with the Lord and for the future of the nation? This chapter addresses these questions and shows that God’s power remains active and invincible, even if enemies have captured the symbol of his presence.

During the period of the judges, …