Paul resumes his prayer, interrupted in verse 2, addressing the Father (3:14), who himself unifies the new humanity and all creation. He is the universal God of family (3:15) and therefore is rightly petitioned to promote the present outworking of humanity’s new unity in Christ. Accordingly Paul asks his gloriously resourceful God to provide the readers with inward strength through the power of the Holy Spirit (3:16). This is the same Spirit of the third blessing (Eph. 1:13–14) and the same power that Paul connects with it in his earlier prayer (Eph. 1:18–19). The Spirit-provided inner power parallels (or realizes) Christ’s indwelling of human hearts open to him in trusting submission (3:17). The present, outward expression of this inward, heaven-based unity will be realized only through …