Praise in the Mouth and a Sword in the Hand

149:1–5  This hymnic praise psalm begins with an imperative call to sing . . . a new song specifically in the assembly of the saints (or “devout/faithful ones”). Then three verses follow which invite them (Let . . . , Hb. jussive or wish, vv. 2–3, 5) to perform his praise with joy (Let Israel rejoice) and with dancing and musical instruments (tambourine and harp). Yahweh is depicted as their Maker and King. Supporting these appeals is a twofold reason (for, v. 4), one is for God’s benefit (the LORD takes delight in his people) and the other is for how he benefits his people (he crowns the humble with salvation).

149:6–9  In an otherwise wonderful collection of hymnody (Pss. 145–150), these verses sound particularly unpleasant. The image of a double…