Paul’s message to the Thessalonians is both a general address to disciples about proper Christian attitudes and actions as well as a pointed message for a particular Christian community. Strong echoes of both Philippians and Romans are heard in Paul’s general words. But as the apostle trims and tailors his reasoning to fit the needs of these particular disciples, Paul cautions the Thessalonian church to remain open to the words and work of the Spirit.

This week’s text opens with three emphatic directives. But it is the adverbial construction that gives new force and flavor to Paul’s words. The adverbs emphasize the “how” as well as the “what” that Christians are to accomplish. The faithful are not only to “rejoice;” they are to rejoice “always.” Disciples are not only to pray; they are to…