... , the people who are asked that question are the humble of the land. The English word “humble” is nicely ambiguous; it can suggest ordinary people who have no power, though it more often suggests people who have an appropriately meek and unassuming estimate of themselves. The Hebrew word ʿani and related words may also be able to suggest meek and unassuming, but they much more often suggest ordinary, powerless people. Sometimes “humble” can describe Israel as a whole as a people without power, and ...
... who lays down his life for the sheep, and who will gather all of his sheep (John 10:14–18). Additional Notes 13:8 According to Meyers and Meyers (Zechariah 9–14, p. 391), these proportions, two-thirds and one-third, correspond to population estimates for Judah in the sixth century. Early sixth-century Judah had approximately 30,000 inhabitants, but the population was only about 10,000 at the end of the century. Verse 8 prophesies another reduction before the eschatological restoration of the covenant.
... statistic recently. This may help us understand why Christ had to leave his disciples. This concerns, of all people, the late rock-and-roll legend, Elvis Presley. I read that, at the time of his death, there were 48 known Elvis impersonators. Today there are an estimated 35,000 known Elvis impersonators, and you’ll find them all over the world. (3) I told you it was a quirky statistic. But as long as Elvis was alive, there was no need for impersonators. We could see the real thing . . . in case you had ...
... (v. 44). Even those among them who are later said to have believed in Jesus “would not confess their faith for fear they would be put out of the synagogue; for they loved praise from men more than praise from God” (12:42–43). Jesus’ estimate of them parallels and helps to explain his unwillingness to trust himself to those who “believed in his name” at his first Passover visit to Jerusalem (2:23–24). There the narrator explains that Jesus “knew all men. He did not need man’s testimony ...
... two years old, was sentenced to eight years in prison in Iran for planting house churches across the country. In 2000 Saeed Abedini converted from Islam to Christianity in his home country of Iran. He became active in planting house churches, and it is estimated that he was instrumental in planting one hundred house churches with a combined membership of two thousand. Under a crackdown by the government, Abedini and his family moved to the United States in 2005. He returned many times to his home country to ...
... to go to foreign missions. Missiologist Herbert Kane reports that the movement was very active for fifty years, during which it was “instrumental in sending 20,500 students to the foreign mission field, most of them from North America.” Some estimates say that student volunteers composed half of the total Protestant foreign missionary force. They were “driven by intensity of purpose that has been rarely equaled.” Among these individuals who gave up their early ambitions were C. T. Studd, John B ...
... only from this text, though 7:33 attests the popular view of John as an ascetic. Pharisaic groups fasted for two days each week (18:12; Did. 8:1). A religious movement that did not impose such a discipline was easily dismissed as frivolous (compare the popular estimate of Jesus in 7:34). 5:35 the bridegroom will be taken from them. The wedding imagery depicts the new life of the kingdom of God as one of joy and celebration. But the “taking away” of the bridegroom follows on from Simeon’s imagery of ...
... ’s approach too open and gentle, compared with the fierce judgment that he himself had predicted. Some of the people wrote him off as a bon viveur (lover of fine things in life), lacking the seriousness of the ascetic and formidable John. Both estimates failed to grasp the totally new perspective of the kingdom of God, which broke through conventional expectations of what true religion was about, and so put Jesus on a collision course with the religious establishment. John may have been expecting Jesus to ...
... perfumed ointment on the feet is extraordinary; normally, it was the head that was anointed. Her actions taken as a whole could easily be seen as erotic as well as “over the top.” 7:39 If this man were a prophet. The Pharisee repeats the popular estimate of Jesus that presumably he has heard from local gossip. He will address Jesus by the more conventional title “teacher” in 7:40. The impression given is that he has invited Jesus to dinner in order to make up his own mind about the man’s ...
... face an ordeal (for “sifting like wheat” as a metaphor for a testing ordeal, compare Amos 9:9) that could be fatal to their discipleship, but Peter is to be the key to their restoration after failure. This is ironical in that, despite Peter’s estimate of his own loyalty (22:33), Jesus knows that he too will be unable to resist the pressure (22:34). But Jesus prays that this temporary lapse will not be terminal for Peter’s faith (or “faithfulness,” loyalty), and that there will be a “turning ...
... righteous by God’s grace (4:3–5) 2. Hermeneutical argument—gezerah shawah (4:6–8) a. Genesis 15:6 (4:6 [cf. 4:3, 5]) b. Psalm 32:1–2 (4:7–8) Historical and Cultural Background Two key items inform Romans 4: the high estimation of Abraham in the Old Testament and in Second Temple Judaism, and Rabbi Hillel’s rules for interpreting the Scriptures. 1. Three points about Abraham are indispensable for interpreting Romans 4. (a) Abraham was revered by Jews as the father of the Jewish people (Gen. 12 ...
... Background The main historical and cultural background for Romans 6:15–23 is the ancient institution of slavery. Slavery was a basic reality in Greco-Roman society, reaching its highest proportion in the first centuries BC and AD. According to varying estimates, from one-fifth to one-third of the population was enslaved. The slave revolts in Italy and Sicily in the late republic confirm widespread social discontent at the time. Cato’s account of slave labor in agriculture reveals a taskmaster mentality ...
... used in burial rituals.2For Christians, the reality of suffering was strongly tied to the local unbelieving Jewish community that instigated persecution against Christians, perhaps by accusing them before the Roman authorities. Witherington notes that according to one estimation the total population of the Roman Empire in the late first century was sixty million, of which five million were Jews and fifty thousand were Christians.3The Jewish condemnation of Christians in Smyrna continued into the second ...
... their faith in the twentieth century are more than those martyred in the previous nineteen centuries of the church combined. This number is greater than the total of all those killed in war during the twentieth century. Researcher David C. Barrett estimates that 160,000 believers were martyred in 1996 alone. Persecution is common particularly in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. However, shootings in schools and churches have recently produced young martyrs in the United States. Western Christians have a ...
... along the path he has pioneered (Heb. 12:1–3). The sword of the Spirit is the Word of God (Eph. 6:17). Illustrating the Text Satan often works through secular power structures and their leaders. Science: Cancer is a terrible disease, claiming an estimated 580,000 lives in the United States in 2013. Unlike many other illnesses, which can arise when some outside virus or bacteria invades the body, cancer arises from within our very cells. Normal cells, designed to multiply when needed and die off when old ...
... takes to eat healthy food, stay in shape, or lose weight. There are several excellent and free apps that help users keep track of calories and exercise. These apps not only record data; many of them even have barcode scanners, making it easier to estimate calorie counts. They even allow the user to offset calorie intake by performing exercise. At the heart of these tools is a basic idea: the little decisions we make every single day will have a major impact on our long-term health! (Screenshots and samples ...
... of Babylon’s sinfulness appears last on the list: “bodies, even the souls of human beings” (author’s literal translation), referring to human slaves (Ezek. 27:13; 1 Tim. 1:10). Rome imported huge numbers of slaves to service its luxury, with estimates ranging from 10–30 percent of the empire’s population. Such “slave wealth” was generated and sustained at the expense of human beings created in the image of God. But now that God has destroyed the great city, people observe that Babylon ...
... census takers are chosen from among this body (Num. 1:16). It would have been impossible for Moses to meet in the desert with a population of sixty thousand, much less six hundred thousand. 1:46 603,550. This number is used in Exodus 38:26 to estimate the total of the half shekel of silver temple tax levied on Israel. Such a tax is demanded whenever Israel takes a census (Exod. 30:12–16). 1:47–54 The ancestral tribe of the Levites . . . was not counted along with the others. Levites are to serve ...
... v. 42) until after David has chosen his stones (v. 40).10When he mentions David’s weapons, he speaks only of “sticks” (v. 43; cf. v. 40) and says nothing about the sling, which David uses to deck the giant in one swift, deadly moment. King and Stager estimate that one can propel a sling stone at a speed of 160–240 kilometers per hour (ca. 100–150 miles per hour).11In the hands of a well-trained slinger, this weapon can be deadly accurate (Judg. 20:16). he fell facedown on the ground. The language ...
... in chapters 4–5. As Eliphaz assesses Job’s response to him, he perceives that what God has said through him is not good enough for Job. This implies pride on Job’s part, for he has dismissed as irrelevant to him what God said. In Eliphaz’s estimation, when Job rejects his counsel, he rejects God’s intended comfort for him. 15:14–16 What are mortals, that they could be pure? In 7:17–18, Job parodied Psalm 8 as he insisted that humans are scrutinized continually by God. In 15:14–16, Eliphaz ...
... of Uganda, is an example. Amin’s rule was characterized by human-rights abuse, political repression, ethnic persecution, extrajudicial killings, nepotism, corruption, and gross economic mismanagement. The number of people killed as a result of his regime is estimated by international observers and human-rights groups to range from one hundred thousand to five hundred thousand. He died in exile, but he was not really brought to justice. The same goes for countless other despotic leaders. Astronomy ...
... muscles are involved in taking a single step; or consider that twenty amino acids combine to form more than fifty thousand different proteins in the human body. Remind listeners that Jesus said that even the hairs of our heads are numbered (Luke 12:7) and that science estimates this number to be well over one hundred thousand on the average young adult head. If there are so many things we don’t know about what’s happening with our own bodies, how much more is going on in the world around us or in ...
... described by the genitives and adverbs (see table 1). Kidner concludes: “Together, these terms show the practical purpose of revelation, to bring God’s will to bear on the hearer and evoke intelligent reverence, well-founded trust, detailed obedience.”12 David estimates its value in terms of the world’s most precious commodity (gold) to enrich life materially, and the sweetest delicacy (honey) to increase life’s pleasure (19:10). This is the perfect life enabled by the perfect law. The shift from ...
... God Biography: Frank Laubach. There have been many Christians in history who have earnestly sought the Lord, reminiscent of the psalmist in 42:1–2. One example is Frank Laubach (1884–1970), who served for many years as a missionary to the Philippines. It is estimated that through his efforts one-half of the ninety thousand people who lived in the region in which he ministered learned to read and write. Laubach sought not only to educate and plant churches but also to live each moment with a sense of God ...
... delights in the spiritual transaction of repentance that begins in the human heart. Understanding the Text Bernhard W. Anderson calls Psalm 51 “one of the pearls of the Psalter.”1Among the seven penitential psalms,2this one, in Weiser’s estimation, is the most important because it “demonstrates the essence of true penitence.”3This psalm falls generally under the classification of the individual lament, and more specifically, to use Kraus’s subcategory, “Songs of the Sick and Anguished.”4As a ...