... :8, 13; 2 Cor. 9:6–15). Paul’s command strikes at the twin perils of the wealthy: not to be arrogant or to put their hope in wealth, which is so uncertain. The word for arrogant is a compound of two words that mean “to think, or cherish, exalted thoughts” (KJV, “high-minded”; cf. Rom. 11:20; 12:16). Arrogance, or pride, is the deadly sin of all people, but it seems to be the special curse of the rich. Not only that, but they tend to put altogether too much confidence in what is so uncertain. The ...
... differences among scholars about line 4, it probably responds to line 3 as a word of hope. Our faithfulness or disloyalty cannot alter the greater reality of Christ’s faithfulness (to us, being implied). Before examining each line, one should note that the language and thought of the whole is thoroughly Pauline—to the detail. If he did not compose it, then it was certainly composed in his churches. In the final analysis there is no reason to think that the man who wrote 1 Corinthians 13 and Romans 8:28 ...
... is paired with lovers of money, which was one of the basic vices of the false teachers (see 1 Tim. 6:5–10; Titus 1:11). The next two, boastful and proud (or “arrogant”), which also appear together in Romans 1:30, emphasize boastfulness in words and thought, respectively, and also reflect what is said elsewhere of the false teachers (1 Tim. 1:7; 6:4). The word abusive (blasphēmoi) reflects the malicious talk of 1 Timothy 6:4; disobedient to their parents (cf. Rom. 1:30) may be reminiscent of some(one ...
... phrase, he is the exact representation of his being, is simply a more explicit way of expressing what the author has just said. The Son is a perfect representation of God’s being “just as the mark is the exact impression of the seal” (Barclay). The thought is again reminiscent of Christology elsewhere in the NT, for example in Paul’s statements that Christ is “the image of God” (2 Cor. 4:4) and “the image of the invisible God” (Col. 1:15); although in these two instances, the Greek word (eik ...
... appeals to his readers, placing himself together with them, in the words holy brothers, a common designation for the community of the faithful, who share in the heavenly calling. The readers, affirmed in their identity, are to fix your thoughts on Jesus, that is, resolutely to focus their thoughts on his true significance. He is the apostle. There are many apostles, but Jesus is the supreme Apostle, sent by God. Only here in the NT is Jesus so called. He is indeed both the apostle and high priest whom ...
... , the second quotation occurs verbatim not only in Deuteronomy 32:36, but also in Psalm 135:14. The first quotation, which does not agree exactly with the LXX text of Deuteronomy 32:35, is, however, quoted in exactly the same form by Paul in Romans 12:19. The thought of the judgment of the living God is something that can only fill the heart with fear (cf. v. 27; 12:29; Matt. 10:28). Yet this is to be the lot of those who repudiate their original faith. Additional Notes 10:26–27 The word for deliberately ...
... :9–18), Peter (1 Pet. 2:16; 2 Pet. 2:19), and John (1 John 3:7–10; Rev. 2:24). And deny Jesus Christ: A similar thought is in 1 Enoch 48:10: “they have denied the Lord of Spirits and his Anointed.” The term godless (asebeis) “may be almost said to give the ... the readers is plain enough. Jude is warning that what the false teachers may have regarded as advanced morality and advanced thought on their part can easily lead to advancing deafness to God’s voice. 9 The opening words, But even (de) the ...
... failure to follow instructions did make Moses angry (v. 20), but the Lord only mentions their slow learning curve once and was successful in convincing them to change their pattern (vv. 28, 30). The Lord shared the plan, the instructions for the people, and the thought behind it with Moses. God first addressed the presenting issue of hunger. The Lord would rain down bread (better than hail!). The people were to gather enough bread for each day for five days, and On the sixth day there would be twice as much ...
... , “covering” of sin) appears three times in verse 10. Aaron was to daub blood from the atoning sin offering on the horns of the altar to make it holy to the Lord. Additional Note 30:1 In some religions incense is thought to ward off evil spirits. Some have thought the clouds of incense functioned to “cover” or hide the presence of God in mystery (see Mendenhall). The text says simply that incense is to “burn regularly before the LORD” (v. 8). The enjoyment of its fragrance is the main point ...
... ) upon a tent so that it turned upside down and fell (napal) to the ground (my translation). The word napal is the same as the word used to describe Midian’s camp in verse 12 (translated as settled), the ironic message being that they thought they were settled, safe and sound, but they would soon fall. Another verb that clearly denotes reversal is “turned upside down” (v. 13; translated as overturned). A related, veiled reference to the theme of reversal is inherent in the notice that the number of ...
... in the interest of self-preservation. Also, on a more positive note, we are introduced to a different side of Samson as he finally relates to the Lord in a personal way. 15:1–2 After a while, during the wheat harvest, Samson decided to visit the woman he thought was his wife. He showed up at the door of her father’s house with a goat and announced, I’m going to my wife’s room. But her father refused him entry and informed him that, because he had understood that Samson had divorced her, the woman ...
... braids of . . . hair while he was sleeping with his head on her lap (v. 19). Even as he slept, unknowingly, he began to become as weak as any other man; and—notably—his strength left him. The next events are predictable yet poignant. Samson awoke as usual and thought the game was still going, but he did not know that “his strength had left him.” The next words, which echo the statement about his hair, are among the saddest in the whole Bible: He did not know that the LORD had left him. Why was the ...
... in their lives she has nothing to offer them. Naomi does what a lot of despairing older people do. She defines herself more by what she does than by who she is. Role reversal is always upsetting, but particularly for elderly people. Even if I thought there was still hope for me is a telling line, an unguarded glimpse into the soul of someone rapidly succumbing to the quicksands of depression. “Hope” (tiqvah) grows out of a term for patient waiting (note the rare synonym “wait,” sabar, in the next ...
... cannot be left indefinitely open (Neh. 5:3; b. B. Qam. 60b). Boaz convenes this meeting to resolve three separate, related problems: the reincorporation of Elimelech’s land into Bethlehem’s social economy, the preservation of Elimelech’s name, and the redemption of Naomi from poverty. Gathering his thoughts under the keyword “sell” (makerah), Boaz melds all three of these concerns into one package. Like a good salesperson, he speaks to the needs of his customer. 4:4 The NIV’s rendering, I ...
... his presence (as the king had done with Vashti). If Haman could win royal support for an edict to annihilate an entire ethnic population, surely he could ask the king’s permission to rid himself of one individual. Haman’s superficial “happiness” returns with the thought that he will be rid of his nemesis on the next day. Haman agrees to his wife’s advice to build a tall post (seventy-five feet high) on which to hang his enemy. This was certainly an attempt to make a public spectacle of Mordecai ...
... concerning poverty is ambiguous. It could be the result of laziness or diligence—but the key value is a right relationship to God. 16:9 Antithetic. One has to reckon with the Lord between conceiving and carrying out an action. This emphasizes the gap between thought and deed. See the comment on verse 1 and also Jeremiah 10:23. 16:10 Synonymous. The “king” sayings begin here. Verse 10a reads, literally, “an oracle is on the lips of the king.” This is not a statement of fact, but rather an ideal ...
... is sufficient contrast between religion and wealth to say that verses 10–11 modify the security provided by riches; the catchword is Hb. niśgāb (see v. 10 above). Verse 11 hearkens back to 10:15a and provides a new context for it. 18:12 Antithetic. For the thought, see 16:18; verse 12b is the same as 15:33b. See also 29:23. 18:13 The meaning is clear: one should listen before trying to answer; see also Sirach 11:8. See Additional Notes. 18:14 Synthetic, in which there is a heightening in 14b. One can ...
... (11:10) and the certainty of divine judgment (11:9). Additional Notes 9:15 And he saved the city: The Hb. supports the possibility that the protagonist saved the city and was later forgotten, as NIV implies. The context suggests another reading: that no one thought to consult the poor sage who could have saved the city but did not have the opportunity. 9:16 If the causal relationship suggested by NIV So is correct, it is likelier that the quotation extends to the end of the verse instead of ending after ...
... as I believe we should, that Jeremiah’s prophetic ministry began in 626 B.C. (see Introduction), then the foe was unlikely to have been thought to be Babylon. This is a problem in part because it is clear that in later oracles Jeremiah finally identified the foe from the north ... connotations, foreboding evil and enemies. Historically, though it is possible that those who heard this oracle early on may have thought that the enemy might be a someone like the Scythians, there is no doubt that in the book as it ...
... 6:14-21): It could be that the oracle that begins in verse 14 and includes verse 15 is a continuation of the thought of the previous unit (it begins with laken, translated however by the NIV, but it could also be translated “therefore”). We will ... by honoring the place where he has chosen to make his presence known on earth. The sanctuary is the temple located on Mount Zion, which was thought to be the place where the divine king had his throne (Isa. 6:1–3; Jer. 14:21; Ezek. 1:26–28; 43:2–5). ...
... . But this oracle says that God will meet the survivors of the judgment and will restore them to covenant relationship. This restoration in essence will grant them relief (rest) from the troubles of the exile. That this message of restoration is not a new thought is signaled at the beginning of verse 3 when it reminds Israel of a message from the Lord in the past. Again using language associated with the covenant, God reminded them that he has loved them with an everlasting love and has had an intimate ...
... recognize that the time is actually quite late in Zedekiah’s reign. The Babylonian army already has Zedekiah’s Jerusalem under siege (v. 5, the Babylonians who were besieging Jerusalem). Zedekiah had not remained loyal to Babylon, but revolted at a time he thought he might successfully pull away from their control (2 Kgs. 24:18–25:26). From Jeremiah and God’s perspective, matters had not changed a bit in the transition from Jehoiakim to Zedekiah, for Zedekiah and his officials paid no attention to ...
... Nahum 3:19 for the use of the incurable wound theme as directed toward Assyria. Egypt is referred to here as the Virgin Daughter of Egypt (see also vv. 19 and 24). This term of endearment expresses God’s concern for the other nations of the world that are thought of as his children. But its use in a context of judgment like this should probably be taken as ironic. Earlier in Jeremiah Judah is referred to as God’s virgin daughter, also often in the context of judgment (17:17; 18:13; 31:4). 46:15 The NIV ...
... in Israel only. It displeases him also in an area like Moab. Thus, this judgment will bring an end to those who engage in the worship of false deities. God’s lament for Moab is said to be like that of a flute, which may have been thought of as the appropriate instrument to accompany the singing of a lament. The people are then described as engaging in ritual acts of mourning because of their pain and suffering. They shave their heads and beards. They engage in ritual mutilation (every hand is slashed) and ...
... hard to analyze the structure of this section. There seems to be a staccato-like series of taunts against Edom. It begins with a picture of God rallying the nations through an envoy to come together and attack Edom. There is no escape from Edom who thought itself large because of the pride of its heart, but now is small among the nations. In fact, Edom was not a large nation. However, its cliffs and mountains made it a relatively easy place to protect. But these defenses will be of no avail. Edomites could ...