... are commanded to keep is likewise a reminder to Christians of God’s great act of salvation through Jesus Christ. But the deliverance celebrated by Christians at the Lord’s Supper is not from physical oppression but rather from sin. In a sense, Passover is celebrated at every Communion service. 2. Remembering God’s salvation prepared Israel to go forth for God. Before the Israelites journey on to the future events of taking the promised land, they must prepare themselves by reflecting on what God ...
... invited me to church youth group activities, and eventually I came to visit him at his home. Before I heard any gospel presentation, I found his family very appealing. It was a large family with five children, all of whom seemed to be committed Christians. A sense of love, joy, and faith pervaded that home. My own home was not a bad one, but it was almost purely secular in outlook. Somehow, my own home and family seemed to lack something in comparison. Eventually, Paul invited me to a Bible camp in Ponca ...
... for not receiving a portion in the promised land, priests have as their special inheritance Yahweh, who in turn supports them through commanding the tithes and offerings. The priests thus must learn to depend on God rather than the land.1 In a sense, what was true of the Levites is true of Christians. Ultimately, we have no permanent inheritance in this world but rather are like foreigners and strangers here (Heb. 11:13). Our ultimate inheritance is Christ himself. Teaching the Text The Levites lived on ...
... is “without blemish” (Num. 19:2), and Christ is also “unblemished” (Heb. 9:14), though Christ is without blemish in the more profound sense of being sinless. Both Christ and the heifer shed their blood: the heifer’s blood is sprinkled seven times toward the presence of ... : the heifer purifies the body of a person defiled by death, and Christ purifies in the more profound sense of cleansing the sinful nature and conscience (Heb. 9:13–14). Thomas Dozeman suggests a further eschatological symbolism: ...
... Moabite city Ir-Moab (Num. 22:36 NRSV). If this is a Moabite city, it should follow verse 17 about Moab. 24:20 Amalek. The Amalekites to the south are the “first among the nations” perhaps in the sense that they are the first enemy Israel faces after leaving Egypt (Exod. 17:8–16), or in the sense that they are the most ancient of those nations,6 or because they are especially fierce in battle. They defeat Israel at the beginning of the wilderness wanderings (Num. 14:43–45) but are under God’s ...
... it. Just as Gad and Reuben committed to enter the land “before the Lord” aware of God’s presence and will, and Brother Lawrence learned to practice God’s presence in even the most trivial duties of life, so we would do well to cultivate a sense of God’s presence in everything that we do. That spiritual discipline can help us to suppress sin and to live more faithfully before God. Selfishness can be stopped when we remember that God is watching us. Popular Culture: It seems that the stores start ...
... , Jesus Christ (Heb. 5:10; 6:20). Teaching the Text God demands justice for killers. Some of Numbers 35 is bound to its cultural context. We have no Levitical priests to serve as judges or Levitical cities to serve as courts. Cities of refuge made sense in an agrarian, sedentary culture, but not today. Nor is it reasonable today for a family member to serve as the enforcement officer and executioner of murderers. And yet there are principles of God’s justice for killers here that we should apply today ...
... progression the story draws attention to the shift in authority in Samuel’s life. Initially he goes to Eli, but then, as instructed by Eli, he speaks to the Lord, calling himself the Lord’s servant. As Samuel delivers the prophetic message to Eli, one senses that their relationship will never be the same. Now Samuel is the Lord’s spokesman, whose prophetic word has authority even over Eli. By the end of the chapter, “all Israel from Dan to Beersheba” (v. 20) recognizes Samuel, not Eli, as the Lord ...
... ’s only genuine source of security. As noted earlier, the Lord’s self-revelation in the storm confirms the wisdom of Israel’s decision to worship the Lord alone. In light of the Lord’s incomparability, it makes no sense for the Israelites to worship foreign gods and perfect sense for them to follow the Lord, for in him alone can they find genuine security. The truth that the incomparable God is fully capable of providing security for his people is comforting, but it also challenges the Lord’s ...
... to oppression and eventual enslavement. By the end of chapter 10, however, it is apparent that he has decided not to give Israel a king like other nations, even though he views their demand for such a king as a rejection of his authority (10:19; cf. 8:7). One senses this is the case in 9:16–17 (see comments above), and then it becomes clear in 10:24–25 (see above). This comes into even sharper focus in chapter 11, where Saul, even though he is now a king/ruler, functions more as the judges did. When the ...
... foil for Saul. God has chosen David to be king and has rejected Saul. Jonathan knows what God has decreed for Saul and his family (1 Sam. 13:13–14; 15:26–29). Though apparently unaware of what has taken place at Jesse’s house (16:1–13), he senses David’s destiny. Saul, due to his pride and his lust for power, resists God’s program in his quest to destroy David, but Jonathan, who stands in line to inherit his father’s throne, rejects personal ambition and is loyal to David.9 For exilic readers ...
... Saul as his “father” (v. 11). Saul is David’s father-in-law, but the term may indicate more than a literal sense in this context. David may be addressing Saul as his benefactor and protector (cf. the use of the term “father” in Job ... occasion feelings of guilt appear to be present (Judg. 2:4), but by itself the expression need not imply this. Usually there is a sense of loss or regret that prompts this emotional response. 24:17 You are more righteous than I. This statement and the one made in ...
... was witnessed in the stock market crash of 1929, when wealthy people lost everything. While reputation is often based on how one appears to others, character is what one is truly like. Literature: Sense and Sensibility, by Jane Austen. In British writer Jane Austen’s (1775–1817) first published novel, Sense and Sensibility (1811), Marianne Dashwood perceives John Willoughby as gallant, but in reality his actions prove him to be a man of poor character. Early on (chap. 10) she thinks of him, “When ...
... In Old Testament thought, the leb is the center of the whole person, and it incorporates the thinking, feeling, and deciding aspects of the personality. In this verse, the intellectual sense is most prominent. 8:13 Such is the destiny of all who forget God. Forgetting God here means more than merely a lapse of memory. Instead, it has the sense of conscious opposition to God that causes one to exclude him (see the sidebar). For that reason, it is parallel to “the godless” in the next line. 8:14–15 ...
... able to enjoy the good life, as did Job’s family in the prologue (1:4), a stark contrast to Job’s miserable situation after his adversity has set in. Interpretive Insights 21:3 Bear with me while I speak. As Job reflects on what his friends have said, he senses that they have given up on him. They do not seem to be interested in listening to Job but only in talking at him. No doubt his words are punctuated by frustration as he urges them to be silent and to listen carefully to what he is trying to ...
... does not realize that it is Job’s piety, commended by God himself in 1:8 and 2:3, that prompted the adversary to accuse him. In reality, Job’s piety stands at the root of the adversity he has endured, but not at all in the sense that Eliphaz wrongly supposes. 22:5–9 Is not your wickedness great? After posing this rhetorical question, Eliphaz goes on in 22:6–9 to accuse Job of a series of flagrant ethical offenses. Without acknowledging that he is contradicting how he previously commended Job in 4 ...
... in his world. God has innumerable angels to do his bidding, and his realm extends wherever the sun shines. Therefore, it is logical to Bildad that no one could ever thwart God’s will. According to Bildad, all is peaceful in God’s kingdom. That makes perfect sense to him, and if it were true, then that would validate his retribution theology. What Bildad fails to do is to consider the evidence that Job has just cited (Job 24) of the many cases in which sinful actions appear to go unpunished. Rather than ...
... them to offer a burnt offering and to ask Job to intercede for them in prayer. The term “despise” here can better be translated “recant” or “retract,” and thus it refers to Job’s withdrawal of his legal claim against God. Job repents in the sense of changing his mind, as he comes to the realization that he is just dust and ashes (cf. Gen. 18:27), a mere human before the transcendent Yahweh. Before the Sovereign Lord, Job is a finite creature who is limited in his knowledge. Because Job now ...
... in meaning. 1:2 whose delight is in the law of the Lord. The noun “law” (or Torah) comes from a verb (yrh) that means “to teach.” (1) Thus torah sometimes means “teaching” (Isa. 8:16; NIV: “instruction”). (2) Closely related to this is the general sense of the will of God (Ps. 19:7). (3) In other instances it refers to the obligations and precepts of the law, indicating certain law codes (Gen. 26:5). (4) In this instance, given the assumed late date of this psalm, it likely refers to the ...
... ; 44:26; 102:13; Isa. 33:10; see also “Teaching the Text” in the unit on Pss. 9–10). The second imperative (“rise up”) is the Hebrew Niphal stem, which can have a passive or reflexive meaning. Perowne takes it as reflexive and gives the sense as “manifest Thyself in all Thy glory as the true and righteous Judge” (see also Ps. 94:2; Isa. 33:10).7 7:7 the assembled peoples. Craigie, based on an Ugaritic analogy, prefers “warriors,” which would fit well in the context of David’s military ...
... read Psalm 17, and she felt that the Lord was speaking directly to her heart as she read the prayer of David in verses 7–8. Lori had come from a very difficult home and had longed to be loved by a father. As she read this psalm, she sensed the powerful love of the Father draw her to himself. There will be many in your congregation who, like Lori, are longing to be “the apple of God’s eye” and who deeply desire to experience the wonders of his great love. Challenge your listeners to make this prayer ...
... word there and they cannot refrain from proclaiming it. Note that the “heavens” (shamayim) and the “firmament” (raqi‘a; NIV: “skies”) are parallel, as they are in Genesis (see esp. Gen. 1:8, “God called the vault [raqi‘a] ‘sky’ [shamayim]”). The sense is similar to Ezekiel 43:2, where the “glory” of God alludes to the splendor and light of God’s presence. Hakham observes that this verse “intimates that the light from the heavenly bodies is but a flicker of the wondrous light ...
... the king, except for the synonym “anointed [one]” in 20:6, but it is enough to place the psalm in a royal setting. Theological Insights The blessing of 20:1–5, though not called a blessing, is a string of Hebrew imperfects used in a modal sense (“May the Lord answer you”), expressing what the people hoped the Lord would do, perhaps even expressing the substance of their prayer. A blessing is the transfer of God’s favor from one person to another. In the Old Testament people can bless one another ...
... it. The personal pronoun “he” comes before the verb to emphasize that it is God who did this (“for it is he who founded it”). The root word for “establish” (kun) means to “build” a house.[5] Psalm 8:3 uses the same verb in the sense of “create” (NIV: “set in place”). 24:3 Who may ascend the mountain of the Lord? Who may stand in his holy place? David bought the threshing floor of Araunah, on which Solomon ultimately built the temple (1 Chron. 21:18–22:1). The question/answer ...
... part of the verse is intended to be a direct quotation of the wicked’s words or merely a summary of that person’s words,[6] it provides the reader with the essence of the wicked person’s attitude. The word “fear” (pahad) is used in a double sense, “fear [pahad] of God” because he is Judge, and the “fear [yir’ah] of God” because he is Savior (e.g., 34:11). Along with several Old Testament texts to support the argument, Paul quotes Psalm 36:1b in Romans 3:18 to declare that both Jews and ...