... possible circumstance is that of sickness, suggested by “my bones suffer mortal agony” (42:10) and perhaps by his going about mourning (42:9; 43:2; cf. 38:3, 5–8). On the other hand, psalms often use the image of physical trauma to reflect emotional distress. What is particularly unique about this psalm is that, unlike most psalms in which the speaker struggles with enemies and/or with God, here the speaker struggles with himself. Here he engages his soul in a dialogue (cf. 103:1, 22; 104:1). 42 ...
... answer Jesus touched their eyes, and their sight was restored. Moffatt translates, “As you believe, so your prayer is granted.” The attitude of faith allows the giver of sight to pronounce the authoritative word. Jesus now sternly warns them (embrimaomai suggests strong emotion; in some early texts it was used of the snorting of horses) not to tell anyone. It would hinder the true messianic work of Jesus should he gain undue fame as a healer. The blind men, however, not being able to contain themselves ...
... the darkest depths (v. 6), destruction (v. 11) and the land of oblivion (v. 12). Those inhabiting this region are like a man without strength (v. 4) and like “shadows” (lit., NIV those who are dead, v. 10). Reference is also made to emotional exhaustion: my eyes are dim with grief (v. 9) and I am in despair (v. 15). The speaker refers to himself as being “silenced” (NIV destroyed, v. 16), which is also characteristic of the dead, particularly because they are disqualified from singing the praise ...
... vv. 20–23). 94:1–7 The psalm opens with an appeal for a theophanic appearance (shine forth; see further on 50:2; 80:1). Although there is a clear call for vengeance in the opening verse, we must not presume it is a personal, emotional reaction. The next verse and the whole psalm make clear that it is characterized by just judgment (O Judge of the earth), that is, repayment for wrongs committed (vv. 2, 23). The rhetorical question introducing the lament section, which is addressed to Yahweh, implies the ...
... , which is described in physical terms (my bones burn, my heart is . . . withered, I forget to eat my food so I am reduced to skin and bones). The speaker is sleepless and his loneliness is compared to lonely birds (vv. 6–7). His emotions are made explicit by expressions of mourning (ashes and tears, which are also his food and drink, thus underlining his destitute and emaciated condition). Enveloping this whole section are references to my days, which are about to pass into the night of death. As ...
... . As is typical of Hebrew parallelism, the second line is more specific. It provides a concrete example of such character: he finds great delight in his commands. “Fearing” and “delighting” may strike us as incongruous—even ambivalent—attitudes and emotions, but according to biblical psychology they define a healthy person. This “fear” is not trepidation or dread; it is awe and reverence. And this “delight” is not self-indulgence or amusement; it is joy. The parallelism of “the LORD ...
... bulk of the remaining calls to praise list the musical instruments that are to accompany the singing. The praise of God is not simply contemplation, confession, and prostration—it is also music, and so engages the mind, voice, body, and heart. It captures the emotions and the brain, both left and right brain. And these observations on praise have implications not only for humans but also for our understanding of God. He too is pleased with, even enjoys, music. It is no accident that the book of Praises ...
... strength” (Mark 12:30; Luke 10:27). Elsewhere in the Old Testament we find simply “heart” and “soul” (Deut. 10:12; Josh. 22:5). The point is that God requires a love that involves the entire person. Barclay says it must be a love that dominates our emotions, directs our thoughts, and is the dynamic of all our actions (vol. 2, p. 278). Love of God is foremost (prōtos in v. 38 indicates rank) in that it is the supreme obligation. From it stems the ability and desire to love those who are created ...
... met a heavenly visitor, the commander of Yahweh’s army (Josh. 5:14). Similarly, Ezekiel (Ezek. 1:28) and John (Rev. 1:17) fell face down when they beheld visions, as did the disciples on the Mount of Transfiguration (Matt. 17:6–7). Terrifying and unsettling emotional reactions to dreams and visions are a recurring theme in the book of Daniel (2:1, 3; 4:5, 19; 5:6, 8–9; 7:28; 8:27). Terror, bewilderment, ghostlike looks, and physical exhaustion are the human symptoms that attest the presence of direct ...
... anger in 1:41 (see note there). Elsewhere Mark refers to Jesus’ rebuke of his disciples (8:33), which may also have involved heated feelings; and the sharp words against Pharisees (7:6–8; cf. Matt. 23:13–39) seem to reflect strong emotions as well. The phrase translated deeply distressed probably means that he was grieved or deeply disappointed and hurt at their sullen refusal to decide. Stubborn hearts: Literally, Jesus was upset at their “hardness of heart,” and this term is borrowed from such ...
... . 7) Paul recognizes the capacity for “refreshing the hearts of the saints” as an endowment characteristic of a gift of grace from the Spirit. Thus, in a sense Paul means more than that the visit of the Corinthian delegates gave him an emotional lift, for he adds that the visit by the Corinthians’ representatives also refreshed the spirit of the Corinthians (yours also). Because of the reality of this charismatic exchange, Paul declares that these persons who have served faithfully are due appropriate ...
... word with an oath reflects the extremes of his mood swings. 19:8–10 A further outbreak of hostilities gave David more opportunity to cause havoc among the Philistines. Whether David’s further success caused Saul’s further loss of his always vulnerable mental and emotional control is not clear. But in a replica of his previous action (18:10–11), Saul tries to pin David to the wall with his spear. However, David dodges and disappears. Saul was not to be given an opportunity to make a second attempt ...
... ’s kindness, which parallels David’s assurance to Saul in 1 Samuel 24:14, may again stress that he is not a threat. It may also show a low self-image related to his physical problems. At this point Mephibosheth was disabled politically and emotionally as well as physically. In either case, Mephibosheth seems genuinely grateful that David has taken this action and, in spite of Ziba’s later accusations (16:1–4), genuine in his protestations of loyalty to David. Both will have been thinking of Jonathan ...
... ’s kindness, which parallels David’s assurance to Saul in 1 Samuel 24:14, may again stress that he is not a threat. It may also show a low self-image related to his physical problems. At this point Mephibosheth was disabled politically and emotionally as well as physically. In either case, Mephibosheth seems genuinely grateful that David has taken this action and, in spite of Ziba’s later accusations (16:1–4), genuine in his protestations of loyalty to David. Both will have been thinking of Jonathan ...
... all along to charges of blasphemy (10:33), attempts to stone him (8:59; 10:31), and the fixed determination that sooner or later he must die (5:18). To Pilate, however, divine sonship was a new factor in the discussion, and it awakened in him a new emotion (as far as the present narrative is concerned)—fear. Unlike the Jews, he heard the title Son of God in a polytheistic rather than monotheistic framework, and if he was dealing not with a pitiful and amusing mock king of the Jews but with some kind of ...
... ’s divining cup (44:1–13); they defend their integrity before Joseph (44:14–34). Joseph then identifies himself to his brothers (45:1–24), and the brothers return to Canaan (45:25–28). 45:1–2 No longer able to control his emotions, Joseph ordered all his attendants to leave. He wanted privacy for making himself known to his brothers. Furthermore, being alone with his brothers, he could speak with them unofficially. When all the servants had left, Joseph wept . . . loudly, full of joy at their ...
... the decision not to go with them (v. 3b) based on this personal friendship with Moses (v. 17). “My Presence will go with you, and I will give you rest” (v. 14). Moses reacted as though he could not believe what he had just heard. His emotion is palpable as he vents his anxiety and relief together in verses 15 and 16. Then the Lord assured him and confirmed this decision to personally go with them (v. 17). Two Hebrew phases repeated throughout verses 7–11 define Moses’ friendship with the Lord. They ...
... their leaders and Moses about their right to settle there. The full record is in Numbers 32. It is again characteristic that the Deuteronomic summary narrative somewhat changes the “flavor” without introducing serious conflict. What matters here is the outcome, not the emotions, of the decision. 3:18–20 These verses emphasize the unity and solidarity of God’s people. It would have been easy for the Transjordan tribes to settle down in their land and let the other tribes get on with their conquests ...
... ; Gnuse, You Shall Not Steal; Dearman, Property Rights; C. J. H. Wright, God’s Land, pp. 131–38. 5:21 It was early Jewish interpreters who first suggested that the meaning of hāmad (covet) here was not so much coveting as an emotional craving, but the taking of steps toward actually stealing the thing coveted (i.e., the tenth commandment prohibited actual theft). The probable reason was to interpret the commandment in conformity with the others as enforceable legislation. In modern times this idea was ...
... to God and the desecration of the land. But it is not unlikely that part of its intent (and certainly its practical effect) is to spare the victim from further degradation beyond death itself, and to spare the criminal’s family further emotional suffering (cf. Brown, Deuteronomy, p. 211). Additional Notes A possible link between the five laws of this ch. as matters involving life and death, or the intrusion or expectation of death, is suggested by Carmichael, “Common Element.” 21:18 The words stubborn ...
... the offense to God and the desecration of the land. But it is not unlikely that part of its intent (and certainly its practical effect) is to spare the victim from further degradation beyond death itself, and to spare the criminal’s family further emotional suffering (cf. Brown, Deuteronomy, p. 211). 22:1–12 The heading above echoes Mayes’ suggestion (Deuteronomy, pp. 305–9) that, apart from verse 5, the laws in 22:1–12 are loosely concerned with respect for life, animal and human. As such, they ...
... are fully set before us in Jesus Christ, in who he was and what he said and did. (P. D. Miller, Deuteronomy, p. 216) 30:15–20 An open choice. And so this powerful summary of the whole book reaches its climax charged with evangelistic energy, emotion, and urgency (cf. Ezek. 18:30–32). All the points expressed have been made before, but combining them in this fashion increases their intensity. The issue is a matter of life and death. The context shows that the whole nation and its continuing prosperity on ...
... mentioned. We should understand by they, then (have they rescued Samaria?), the original gods of Samaria in general, not the particular ones mentioned just beforehand. 19:1 He tore his clothes: We have grown accustomed to monarchs tearing their clothes, signifying deep emotion (1 Kgs. 21:27; 2 Kgs. 5:7–8; 6:30; 11:14). The contrast between wicked Jehoram and pious Hezekiah, in their reaction to enemies at their gates, is particularly interesting. Jehoram tears his clothes and, unwilling to wait for God ...
... mentioned. We should understand by they, then (have they rescued Samaria?), the original gods of Samaria in general, not the particular ones mentioned just beforehand. 19:1 He tore his clothes: We have grown accustomed to monarchs tearing their clothes, signifying deep emotion (1 Kgs. 21:27; 2 Kgs. 5:7–8; 6:30; 11:14). The contrast between wicked Jehoram and pious Hezekiah, in their reaction to enemies at their gates, is particularly interesting. Jehoram tears his clothes and, unwilling to wait for God ...
... mentioned. We should understand by they, then (have they rescued Samaria?), the original gods of Samaria in general, not the particular ones mentioned just beforehand. 19:1 He tore his clothes: We have grown accustomed to monarchs tearing their clothes, signifying deep emotion (1 Kgs. 21:27; 2 Kgs. 5:7–8; 6:30; 11:14). The contrast between wicked Jehoram and pious Hezekiah, in their reaction to enemies at their gates, is particularly interesting. Jehoram tears his clothes and, unwilling to wait for God ...